War in Iran threatens fragile marine ecosystem in Strait of Hormuz

A fragile and vibrant underwater ecosystem in the Strait of Hormuz is facing growing threats as conflict tied to the war in Iran continues to escalate.

The region, located between Iran and Oman, is home to one of the most diverse marine environments in the Persian Gulf. Coral reefs, dolphins, whale sharks, sea turtles, and even the rare Arabian humpback whale all rely on these waters.

But with thousands of vessels carrying billions of liters of oil stuck in the area and multiple reported attacks on ships, environmental experts are raising concerns about the risk of oil spills and long-term damage.

Researchers say even small amounts of oil can have devastating effects. Marine animals can suffer damage to their heart and respiratory systems, weakened immune responses, and impaired navigation—making it harder to find food or avoid predators.

Coral reefs, which support entire ecosystems, are also highly vulnerable. Scientists note that the corals in this region are especially valuable because they have adapted to extreme conditions and could help researchers understand how reefs might survive climate change.

The area also includes critical habitats such as mangroves and seagrass beds, which support species like dugongs and serve as nurseries for marine life.

Experts warn that continued conflict could lead to more spills, putting increasing pressure on an already delicate ecosystem.

While the region has long been a hotspot for global trade, it is also an ecological treasure—one that scientists say could face lasting consequences if the situation worsens.

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