Lipedema Often Misdiagnosed Despite Affecting Millions

A chronic condition affecting millions of women around the world is still going largely unrecognized by both patients and healthcare providers.

Lipedema is a progressive disease that causes an abnormal buildup of fat beneath the skin, most commonly in the legs but sometimes in the arms and lower body. The condition can lead to chronic pain, swelling, tenderness, fatigue, easy bruising, and reduced mobility.

Dr. Shannon Stevenson, a physician at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, knows the challenges firsthand. After years of unexplained swelling in her right leg, she initially believed the symptoms were related to a previous vascular procedure. It wasn't until the condition worsened that she received a diagnosis of lipedema.

Stevenson says she was shocked to learn she had the disease, especially since she had never heard of it during her medical training. She now hopes to raise awareness so others don't spend years searching for answers.

A 2025 study found lipedema remains underrecognized and insufficiently researched, even though researchers estimate it affects about 10% of women worldwide.

Unlike typical weight gain, the fat associated with lipedema does not respond to healthy eating, exercise, or traditional weight-loss methods. Other common signs include an "ankle cuff" or "wrist cuff" appearance, uneven or dimpled skin, swelling, and joint hypermobility.

While there is currently no cure, experts say symptoms can often be managed through compression garments, lymphatic massage, anti-inflammatory diets, and regular low-impact exercise to improve circulation and reduce discomfort.

Doctors encourage anyone experiencing persistent symptoms that match lipedema to speak with a healthcare provider, as early diagnosis and treatment may improve quality of life and help slow the progression of the disease.